What Is Ethics in Business - 2390 Words

What is Ethics in Business? In general, personal ethics can be described as the moral guidelines each of us uses in our daily lives. It is these guidelines which govern how we behave including how we speak and act towards others in our everyday interactions no matter if they are face to face, by way of telephone or in writing. Much the same can be said for ethics in business. Business ethics are the moral philosophies and written rules of conduct which govern how the business treats not only its own employees but also how the business handles its daily dealings in everything ranging from bookkeeping and accounting to advertising and customer relations. Our text for this class, Marketing, The Core describes ethics as â€Å"the moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual or group† (pg.69), and refers to ethical business practices many times throughout the book. Business ethics rely on the moral values of both individuals and groups of individuals since in many cases, decisions which can affect the business can be, and are made by both. Company officers, managers, management teams, supervisors and employees alike all routinely make decisions on a daily basis, which can have a profound effect on many facets of a company including overall production, employee morale and even internal or public image. Typically a company will establish a moral identity over a period of time, and employees that come and go from the business over its lifetime areShow MoreRelatedWhat is Business Ethics?741 Words   |  3 Pages In today’s business world businesses face the challenge of doing the right thing over doing the profitable thing more than ever before. For many years the sole purpose of business was to be make profits for the shareholders. This view has now been changed. The propriety of business actions is being challenged by the modern day consumer. One of the major issues or opportunities (depending on which way one may see it) is the issue of ‘going-green’. Consumers in today’s society have access to a largeRead MoreWhat Is Business Ethics?1294 Words   |  6 PagesMIS 6308 – Assignment: Business Ethics Essay (50 points) What is business ethics? Business ethics can be understood as codes that define the actions and behavior of the employees in an institution. Standards are set by every company to define what is accepted as ‘Right’ and each employee is expected to abide by these standards. For a business to run successfully it is important to abide by the set of standards that are defined. Companies around the world observe these ethical principles strictly;Read MoreWhat Is Business Ethics? Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesA. Ethics In business everyone has the power with their ability to spend an amount of money. People have the capacity to change situations in which many individual does not. As an organization may affect some people, they might have the obligations to their employees, consumers, community and the outside world. They have the responsibility to manage or control the business in a way that it will not harm, positively the benefits like people as possible and themselves. This can be simple, thereRead MoreWhat Are Business Ethics?2080 Words   |  9 Pages Business Ethics Naveed Ahmed Saleem Janvekar Introduction: The survival of an organization depends upon the integration of business codes with the societal ethics. Ethics concentrates on the general nature of morals and the specific moral choice an individual makes in relationship to others. It represents the rules and regulations governing conduct of the member of a profession. The area of focus in this essay is to explore the effects of business ethics. Business ethics are a setRead More What Are Business Ethics? Essay1259 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness ethics; what does it really mean? Some say it’s an oxymoron and the two words can’t exist together as a concept. These people will tell you that within business, there is no room for ethics and ethical behavior. Others will explain the need for businesses to practice good ethical and moral values within their company, and the importance of this to our society. For me, in the past, I honestly never gave the idea or term a second thought. Now after learning so much of business in our societyRead MoreWhat Is Business Ethics? The Public Interest1047 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Responsibility Executive Summary Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has gain a considerable amount of attention in recent years. Much of this has been driven by the publics expectations of their products to be produced under ethical business models. With the aid of technology consumers are becoming more aware of the operations that are responsible for the products they buy. Therefore the pressure for maintaining a CSR program has come from multiple sources. This paper will provide aRead MoreWhat Drives Ethics Education For Business Schools? Influences On Ethics709 Words   |  3 Pages What Drives Ethics Education in Business Schools? Influences on Ethics in the MBA Curriculum Rasche, A., Gilbert, D. U. (2013, January). What Drives Ethics Education in Business Schools? Influences on Ethics in the MBA Curriculum. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1, 2013, pages 1-31). Academy of Management. Introducing week’s one entry I chose the title article above, â€Å"What Drives Ethics Education in Business Schools? Influences on Ethics in the MBA Curriculum.† This articleRead MoreWhat Are The Differences Of Ethics In Chinese Business?963 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent organizations such as the American Psychological Association (APA, 2017), the American Counseling Association (ACA, 2014), and may also be provided for specific industries or organizations. These codes of ethics can be used as a way to demonstrate differences in perception of ethics from one country to another, but are only guidelines rather than exhaustive rules or regulations. However, these are American institutions, which may be helpful for TMI in understanding differences between the USRead MoreWhat Are Ethics And Their Importance? Global Banking And Business Today? Essay963 Words   |  4 Pages1. What are ethics and their importance in global banking and business today? Ethics are an extremely important in today’s day and age, especially in the global banking and business industries. As far as banking goes, there have been many scandals and this has all been caused by low morals. The morals that are displayed and acted upon by every countries financial sector have been shown to drive the economy and as displayed by the 2008 financial crisis, it is self-evident that a lack of morals canRead MoreOp 10 Principles For Positive Business Ethics Essay799 Words   |  4 Pagesop 10 Principles for Positive Business Ethics By Philip E. Humbert | Submitted On January 04, 2005 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook 10 Share this article on Twitter 2 Share this article on Google+ 2 Share this article on Linkedin 2 Share this article on StumbleUpon 1 Share this article on Delicious 2 Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit 1 Share this article on Pinterest 2 This morning, I read about a company using on-line auctions

Human Trafficking as a Societal Issue - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 594 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Human Trafficking Essay Did you like this example? 8,759 cases of human trafficking were reported to the National Human Trafficking Hotline last year. Despite popular belief, modern slavery is an extreme social issue in todays society. Each year, human traffickers acquire billions of dollars by forcing people to provide labor or partake in commercial sex against their own will. As a resident of a city through which a major interstate runs, human trafficking is more prevalent to my life than I ever imagined it may be. As a young woman in a time in which human trafficking is more prevalent than ever, I have become passionate about pouring more time into learning the signs of human trafficking, strategies that can be used to reduce or even completely stop human trafficking, and how we as a country can unite to help the victims of human trafficking. In order to prevent human trafficking, it is imperative that we know the signs and remain constantly aware of our surroundings. According to Polaris, some of the most common red fl ags include poor mental health/abnormal behavior, poor physical health, and lack of control. Common living and work conditions of those plagued by human trafficking include working excessively long or unusual work hours, being under 18 years of age and partaking in commercial sex acts, or owing a large debt that he or she is unable to pay off. Although these are not all the indicators, these are a few of the most important signs to look for when human trafficking is suspected. As an advocate for the extinction of human trafficking, the most important step one can take is to be informed and know the signs of this crime. According to the U.S. Department of State, one of the most significant ways we can fight human trafficking is by being informed of ones slavery footprint. Consumers should be knowledgeable of whom actually made the clothes or shoes they are purchasing by checking the Department of Labors List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor. In addition to being a knowledgeable consumer, one can also support anti-trafficking organizations, know the signs of human trafficking, and encourage local schools to involve ways school-aged children are targeted in their curriculum. According to the International Labor Organization, an estimated 40.3 million victims are affected by human trafficking globally. As mentioned previously, 8,759 cases of human trafficking and 10,615 individual victims were reported in the United States in 2017 according to Polaris; this shocking statistic only includes REPORTED cases. A multitude of cases remain unreported, so it is critical that we advocate for awareness of human trafficking and aid victims. Therefore, to identify a potential victim and provide proper care, it is essential that one knows the signs of human trafficking. Each victim of human trafficking has different needs in his or her treatment, so it is important that when one comes in contact with a victim of human trafficking, he or she is aware of th e services provided in the community and can direct the victim in the appropriate direction of help. Ultimately, the most important aspect is that victims feel safe, supported, and respected in their treatment. Overall, human trafficking has been and will remain a momentous societal issue, but it is the responsibility of advocates against this crime to stand up and fight against it. While human trafficking may never be completely eliminated, united efforts can be made to significantly reduce its existence in our country and ultimately our world. The end of human trafficking is only one step toward making our world a safe and prosperous place for future generations. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Trafficking as a Societal Issue" essay for you Create order

Frederick Douglass Literary Analysis Essays - 1243 Words

â€Å"Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass: Literary Analysis† In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass explains, in great detail, how slave master would use a variety of methods to dehumanize slaves located on their plantation. These methods involved both severe physical and psychological trauma. Nevertheless, Douglass remains diligent and finds a way to resist the harsh reality of being a slave. Because of his immovable desire to acquire knowledge to his fighting encounter with Mr. Covey, these experiences help shape Douglass to be the archetype of what it means to go from slavery to freedom. This essay will highlight the physical and psychological tactics used on slaves. In addition, the aspect of how Douglass resists the†¦show more content†¦Another example of slave master’s methods to dehumanize slaves were the living conditions provided to slaves. Along with the lashings and severe punishment to which slaves were often subjected, they were also kept half-starved. As Douglass writes, â€Å"They [Henrietta and Mary] seldom knew what it was to eat a full meal.† Douglass adds, â€Å"I have seen Mary contending with the pigs for the offal thrown into the street.† (pp. 411-412) This reveals how slave masters would not feed slaves adequate portions of food, which led to many slaves being extremely thin and malnourished. Knowledge of such despicable acts happening to ones family can only inspire feelings of despise, disgust and hatred. Douglass, however, used this as fuel to inspire his freedom. Next, the psychological trauma will be examined, in particular the valuation and division of slaves. Slaveholders deemed slaves as valuable assets such as clothes, furniture, pigs, and horses which was how slaves were sold and traded. By this method, slave masters would mentally engrain the message to slaves that they were not, indeed, human beings, but rather items of personal belongings. As a result, slaves did not know their self-worth. Another method of psychological distress would be to divide slaves from their families. In this effort, slaves were both stripped of both their morale and identity. The very first chapter of Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass proves this assertion.Show MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of Frederick Douglass By Robert Hayden868 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"When it is finally ours this freedom, this liberty, this beautiful† (Line 1) is one of the many lines in Robert Haydens poem â€Å"Frederick Douglass†. One of many poems in which Hayden takes events or figures from African American history as his subject. This poem was written as a tribute to Frederick Douglas himself. One of the very well-known and praised African Americans in the nineteenth century. This is no ordinary poem for Hayden. It is written in an improper sonnet. By improper I mean, sonnetsRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Boxill, Bernard. Frederick Douglass’s Patriotism. Journal of Ethics 13.4 (2009): 301-317. EBSCO. Web. 19 Oct 2015. Bernard argues that Frederick Douglass always was a patriot even throughout slavery. He states that most Americans are patriots even if they do not agree with the politics, but rather just a love for their country. It talks about Americans who give selfless amounts of time toward the improvement of America. Buccola, Nicholas. Each for All and All for Each:Read MoreRhetorical Analysis of Frederick Douglasss How I Learned to Read and Write1458 Words   |  6 Pages Rhetorical Analysis of Douglass In the excerpt â€Å"Learning to Read and Write†, Frederick Douglass talks about his experiences in slavery living in his masters house and his struggle to learn how to read and write. Frederick Douglass was an African American social reformer, orator, writer, and statesman. Some of his other writings include â€Å"The Heroic Slave†, â€Å"My Bondage and My Freedom†, and â€Å"Life and Times of Frederick Douglass†. In this excerpt, Frederick Douglass uses an empathicRead More Response of Fredrick Douglass to Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe964 Words   |  4 PagesFredrick Douglass Response to Uncle Toms Cabin      Ã‚   Frederick Douglass was arguably the most prominent African American abolitionist during the mid-19th century. He established his notoriety through his narrative entitled Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave published in 1845. Frederick Douglass also produced an African American newspaper, Frederick Douglass Paper, which highlighted the reception and critiques of Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin. FrederickRead MoreAnalysis Of Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1450 Words   |  6 PagesReid Champlin Mrs. Stack AP English, Period 7 14 August 2015 In His Own Words: Analysis of The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass They say that one can never fully understand a situation until he/she is put into that scenario themselves. Too often, history is written by those who have only read and researched the issues, remaining distant and objective to get all the facts straight. While there is honor in this approach, one cannot experience the horror of war, the thrill of victory, orRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Writing in the favor of black people has always remained controversial from the very beginning. Critics regard such writing as â€Å"a highly conventionalized genre† indicating that â€Å"its status as literature was long disputed but the literary merits of its most famous example such as Frederick Douglass s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†¦are widely recognized today.† (Ryan:537) Despite of such severe resistance, writers like Douglass have penned down theirRead MoreEducation as a Reflection of Social Values in Langston Hughes One Friday Morning and Frederick Douglass Learning to Read and Write1632 Words   |  7 PagesThe Worst The conception of education as a reflection of social values is one of the predominant themes in both Langston Hughes short story, One Friday Morning, as well as Frederick Douglass Learning to Read and Write, the latter of which is actually the seventh chapter of Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. A plethora of similarities exist between these works, both of which include the education of an African American protagonist, the aid of Irish benefactors,Read MoreSocial Classes Effecting Cruelty Douglass’s â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†2327 Words   |  10 PagesSOCIAL CLASSES EFFECTING CRUELTY DOUGLASS’S NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS A. Introduction To know about social classes in a prose (Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass), it is a duty knowing about what sociological criticism is firstly. Sociological Criticism is one of the family literary criticisms that directed to analyze literary work in a larger social context. It codifies the literary strategies that are employed to reflect social constructs through a sociological methodologyRead MoreFrederick Douglass Essay817 Words   |  4 PagesNegro Analysis When the African-American man Frederick Douglass wrote his famous speech, â€Å"The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro†, America was in a time of great distress. It was the year 1852, and the view of abolitionists was quickly spreading. It was the time of both provocative literatures such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin, as well as important resolutions, such as the Dredd Scott decision, showing the contrast between views at the time, both positive and negative towards slavery. Frederick DouglassRead MoreSlaves Narratives: Frederick Douglass, Olaudah Equiano Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesSojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass, and Olaudah Equiano all have extremely interesting slave narratives. During their lives, they faced plenty of racist discrimination and troubling moments. They were all forced into slavery at an awfully young age and they all had to fight for their freedom. In 1797, Truth was born into slavery in New York with the name of Isabella Van Wagener. She was a slave for most of her life and eventually got emancipated. Truth was an immense women’s suffrage activist. She

The Collapse Of The United States - 1015 Words

Ask anyone about the 2007-09 recession in the United States, and they will be able to tell you they know what it was. The reason why there was such a Great Recession, the second to biggest following the Great Depression, was because of the market failure in 2006-07 due to the real estate and mortgage sectors. The lost of wealth in the real estate sector led to a cutback in consumer spending. After years of economic recovery, citizens and residents are coming back to the market. But even then, the market is only slowly growing, mainly because of fear of having another market failure. Looking back, there are many lessons we have learned from the collapse that we must apply to the present and future market, and every mistake allows room for benefits. The main lesson we have learned from the collapse is that it was caused because of subprime mortgages. The technological development in FICO scores, implemented in 1989, allowed people with bad credit scores to take out loans. Lenders use FICO scores to figure out who is a good or bad borrower. Since FICO scores do this, the interest rates that an individual receives is based on actual information and not assumptions, this decreases asymmetric assumption. Because of FICO scores, mortgages were then divided into three different groups of people due to FICO scores. Subprime mortgages were the ones that allowed people with bad credit take out mortgages. However, most of these mortgages had teaser rates. This meant that the firstShow MoreRelatedThe Collapse Of The United States1231 Words   |  5 Pagespeoples. As many people standing and dancing on the suspended walkways, a loud crack was heard and the walkaways collapse. This caused 114 peoples fatalities killed and left more than 200 injured. Furthermore, the collapse led to a millions of dollars in costs and majority of peoples were affected. The Texas university suggest that, this was the most devastating structural failure in United States. An investigation took place by the National Bureau of Statics to determine what led to the accident and alsoRead MoreThe Collapse Of The United States2238 Words   |  9 Pages Earlier this year, when the United States (US) lifted its embargo on Iran, the issue of the troubled relationship of the US with its former ally in the Middle East resurfaced. One period particularly seemed to reflect their dispute, the 1979 Islamic revolution which propelled Ayatollah Khomeini at the head of the newly renamed Islamic Republic of Iran. When Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini came into power in Iran in early 1979, the country was on the brink of collapse, due to several years of unrestRead MoreChina Collapse Of The United States And China1323 Words   |  6 PagesChina Collapse Almost 7 years removed from the 2008 Financial Crisis, many global economies have returned to a modest resemblance of stability and growth. In fact, by the end of 2015, the U.S. Federal Reserve and other leading economies had anticipated raising interest rates and abandoning quantitative easing. In order to stabilize the economy, the Federal Reserve imposed quantitative easing for multiple years; leaving interest rates near zero. Apart from Greece, even areas of the Eurozone haveRead MoreThe Mortgage And Financial Collapse Of The United States Economy1541 Words   |  7 PagesThe mortgage and financial collapse of the United States economy had a very devastating impact on thousands upon thousands of Americans. I count myself as one who also had been affected as well. I was a bank manager with more than twenty years of banking experience and had decided during the spring of 1998 to move into a more lucrative career in the mortgage and real estate business. Having started my banking career as a teller, I had built great relationships with my employers and customersRead MoreThe Collapse Of Communism Was A Major Victory For The United States1231 Words   |  5 PagesGermany. The transition let Germany govern themselves, ending the control of the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union. This event was important in America; because it symbolized the collapse of communism. It meant that the United States cold war with Russia was over, It recreated a trade relation with America and countries all over the world. The collapse of communism was a major victory for the United States. â€Å"By the summer of 1990, all of the former communist regimes of Eastern EuropeRead MoreUnited States Financial Environment After The Collapse Of Petrodollar System1501 Words   |  7 Pagesinflationary pressure to strike the United States financial environment after the collapse of petrodollar system. By maintaining current monetary system and getting rid of tremendous budgetary deficit, this paper also gives several useful solutions that should be used to against economic rift between the U.S. and other countries and protect national economic security. History of Petrodollar system: During and immediately after the Second World War, the United States and other allied nations engagedRead MoreTo What Extent Was the United States of America Responsible for the Collapse of the Grand Alliance?1727 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent was the United States of America responsible for the collapse of the Grand Alliance? A capitalist state, a Communist state and a colonial power all joined power during World War II and formed the Grand Alliance. The United Stated which was led by Franklin Roosevelt, the Soviet Union which was led by Joseph Stalin and Great Britain which was led by Winston Churchill united powers as they all shared one main objective. The three leaders were famously known as the big three, they allRead MoreThe Colonization Of The Colony Collapse Disorder1036 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The Colony Collapse Disorder is a strange occurrence in which worker bees from different honeybee colonies just disappear. Honeybees, which are a crucial part of the U.S. agriculture, have been under some drastic stress from the mysterious Colony Collapse Disorder, which is a syndrome defined as a dead colony with no adult bees or dead bee bodies but with a live queen, honey and juvenile bees still present in the hive. A scientific cause for the Colony Collapse Disorder has yet to beRead MoreWhat Caused the Economic Collapse of 2008?1085 Words   |  5 Pagesone of the largest financial collapses of modern times. The purpose of this paper is to establish some of the key players in the economic crash of 2008, and to show some common backgrounds among those players and reveal that, even now, they still have significant influence on the financial markets here in the United States and throughout the world. In the fall of 2008, AIG, the world’s largest Insurance Company, collapsed. Also, at the same time, the United States investment bank, Lehman BrothersRead MoreThe Great Recession And The Housing Crisis1600 Words   |  7 Pagesoverall United States. THE GREAT RECESSION The financial crisis that began in August 2007 has been the most severe of the post-World War II era and, possibly--once one takes into account the global scope of the crisis, its broad effects on a range of markets and institutions, and the number of systemically critical financial institutions that failed or came close to failure--the worst in modern history. Although forceful responses by policymakers around the world avoided an utter collapse of the global

Innovation at 3m Corporation-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.How has 3M innovation process evolved since the foundation of the company? Why does 3M need to regain its historic closeness to the customer? 2.How does the lead user research process differ from and compliment other traditional research methods? 3.Has the medical surgical team applied the led user research process successfully? 4.What should the medical surgical lead user team recommend to Dunlop; the three new products or a new business strategy? What are the risks? Answers: Innovation at 3M Corporation 1.Initially, the 3M investors did not directly share in product royalties and an innate love for discovery was expected to spur on innovation. In the 1920s, for example, a technician named Richard Drew came up with the idea that later led to the development of masking tape in response to paint peeling away when removing glued newspaper strips used in masking material(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). He also went on to invent Scotch brand cellophane that helped the company stay afloat during the depression. This he did when he was expected to be making improvements on an existing product, and his success with this helped birth the 3M aphorism it is better to seek forgiveness than to ask for permission. Innovation was encouraged in ways like awards for innovation and grants to technicians to fund innovative projects. The staff was allowed to use 15% of their time in exploration of new ideas and responsibilities, an idea, which birthed things like post-it notes, by inventor Art Fry. Heavy empha sis was placed on research and development, and senior technically inclined employees were allowed to move on from the company without having to go through management. Internal showcases were held to exchange ideas and discoveries across departments, a factor that helped the company retain most of its employees. William Coyne, head of research and development, felt that traditional strategic planning had little room for innovation(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). A member of the medical-surgical marketing research admitted that even though they led in their niche with the surgical drapes, which had consistent sales, the numbers were stagnating and if a new product were not created then the division would have to close down. Initially, part of innovation was dependent on marketing research, which did not seem effective considering the disadvantages that normal customers had no innovative ideas. Product developers and marketers were responsible for any innovative ideas or products when customer visits which used to be done by the company were stopped. Marketers thought of a new product and commercialized it without any input from consumers, leading to many 3M inventions laying in laboratories and awaiting markets. Closeness to the market was at the core of 3M before the shortcomings of market research were found out, and it did lead to some innovations and inventions when technicians went to see consumers, such as physicians, make use of the product. Lead user research was adopted, as a means to make a breakthrough product by finding new needs not thought of before. This would involve users, but specific ones who had expertise in an area related to the product, who would have used the product and noticed shortcomings. Rebuilding a relationship with the customers would help technicians to have an idea on what to make improvements on, instead of just making new products with no utility and which the market will not be willing to buy. 2.Market research reports provided abundant data but limited information to form the concept for a breakthrough project. Lead user research was proposed when it was apparent that traditional marketing research was not effective and would not help the division to create a new successful product. While the initial approach took data from sales representatives with contact to physicians and nurses, focus groups with nurses from scattered locations, customer evaluations of current products, site visits by scientists and technologists to observe physicians at work and note foreseeable needs and data on risk factors(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). This was disadvantageous as market researchers created too many interfaces with the customer and risk factors could be gotten from any medical textbook. Focus groups gave no clue on market needs years down the line. The premise of lead user research shows that some customers experience the need earlier before considering themselves as an asset to innova tion. This premise drew from the example of whiteout being invented by a secretary and Gatorade being created with input from athletes. It created a need for personnel to have a great deal of knowledge about infections, the possibility of the patients own body being a source of infection, creating a need for good surgical drapes. Extensive research was done by the team members for them to have initial information before they identified the problems their target market faced. In the traditional marketing method, the researchers did not set out while already armed with information, and they therefore did not know what questions to ask and what to watch for. Experts were contacted to give an opinion on improvements to be made to breakthrough products such as how it would adhere to the human body. The team-generated features that would best meet customer needs. The developing world in Asia and South America was identified as a major potential market since infectious diseases were still threats and it was seen that a study of these areas could provide new growth ideas(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). The Medical surgical Markets division sent product developers rather than marketers to visit potential customers in these developing countries to see how surgeons dealt with infections under the extreme conditions that some of them were forced to work under. This new approach emphasized collecting qualitative data, which would bring up new concepts and questions to be answered in contrast with the previous approach with collected quantitative data, which could be analyzed in a more organized manner. The right questions were probed. This process was meant to come up with opportunities for product development, which could not be possibly done by traditional means. Ideally, this is meant to stem from knowledge of emerging consumer needs and better concepts on existing products and services due to reliable data and faster innovation. Major trends related to consumer needs are studied and matched with possible corresponding products, with an emphasis on ideal attributes and features that best meet these needs. Experts among the lead users are interviewed for technical knowledge about concept generation. The managers were involved in implementation of concepts and confirmed the correspondence of the concepts with business interests. 3.The medical surgical team has managed to successfully apply the Lead User Research process. This is because this approach lays more emphasis on the consumers who are the lead users of the companys products. In the team selected to help in discussions were a surgeon, a veterinary surgeon, a makeup artist who though he seemed unorthodox had a wealth of knowledge on the application of substances to skin, researchers, and marketers. Surgeons both in developed countries and in the developing world were observed at work and the challenges they face observed. It was noted that developing countries, even though they had some few well-equipped world class hospitals, has a lot of below par medical facilities in which the surgeons worked under very hard conditions and which could not possibly afford the surgical drapes at the price being offered by the company. Therefore, for this reason it was set out to develop cheaper products for this market as a way of also expanding the companys reach. All the steps followed by the team were geared towards not only finding the users needs but also coming up with concepts that would help in the satisfaction of these needs. Information about the divisions major focus in term of products, which was infections which were related to the process of and conditions surrounding the surgery rather than the illness itself, was collected in an intense period of research through medical journals and other sources. After a period of intense research, the team was able to find out that at least 30% of the infections were from the skin of the patient, and this is the information that was most focused on during seminars and meetings. The team had meetings to make sense of the information they had gathered and made calls to users who might have experienced these infections, including the MASH unit whose operations needed portable, flexible, and affordable products but were more focused on issues like transportation and therefore did not form the des ired lead users. The fact that the team communicated with such a wide variety of possible lead users can suggest that the ones they managed to keep were going to air genuine concerns, which would be important in concept generation. It is my opinion that the team was successful in applying the lead user research process because when they contacted the lead users they ascertained their interest in accessing products, which would solve the problems that the division aimed to solve too. They had meetings to think through needs and how to not only make them quality but convenient, as was proposed by the veterinary surgeon who proposed the surgical drape which only allowed access to areas of the patients being operated on, and the input of the makeup artist on different materials to help the drapes adhere to skin. They came up with concepts and sufficient explanations for them and as a bonus even had a concept for a product out of the normal range that the division usually delved in and more than they set out to do. They also intended to do research on detection of infections before they happened, and even though this would require a new business strategy, it can also show their own confidence in the success of their research process and their concepts. The team managed to come up with ideas for new products to solve this problem, complete with surgical drapes made of more affordable materials to reduce the cost and enable affordability by most consumers in developing countries. The surgical drapes also had fastening devices and adhesive to stick it to the body, were made in a size to fit all patients, and allowed focus on the specific body part being operated on. They also had the concept for a skin doctor, a device that would apply layers of an antibacterial fluid to the skin surrounding the operating point, with a suggestion for an accompanying vacuum device to remove any pre-existing moisture on the skin before the layers are applied. The third product they came up with was outside the scope of what the company had attempted before, and was an antibacterial armor line, which was meant to protect tubes and catheters leading inside the body from microbial infection 4.Dunlop as an executive believed in the traditional marketing research method that was used to obtain data with numbers that were much easier to analyze. Nevertheless, considering the fact that the Medical-surgical department had lasted decades with only one successful product showed that customers could not be trusted to recognize their own needs and had no ideas on improvements that needed to be made. Even though they were the leaders in the particular niche of surgical drapes, the sales were stagnating which meant that there was a market that had yet to be tapped or that the product did not cater to specific needs that the consumers had. The Lead User Research team even in initial stages had a hard time convincing him of the feasibility of the project for which he showed open disapproval and termed a tax to the current operating income(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). For this reason, it would be better to sell the idea of a new business strategy to him. The business strategy of 3M is more oriented towards making new products, which will generate about 30% of the revenue. An executive also once said that they would produce anything that makes money. Increasing profits is a major goal of the company, and there is a possibility that while the new products are being introduced into the market, they will not perform as well as expected in their novelty and before consumers are convinced of their usefulness. The team can recommend a new business strategy based on competitiveness, this meaning that there should be an emphasis on differentiating products with any other that a competitor may produce, creating products which are affordable by different classes of customers, and always seeking to diversify on products and services. This business strategy encompasses all the new products developed in that they are all either improvements on current products of the division and include a new product catered toward a different direction. The new products were an economy line whose greatest emphasis was on cost, a skin doctor line, and an antimicrobial armor line. The first two were seen as introduction to already existing product lines, while the last was a foray into new activities, which was expected to open doors to new activities(Thompke Nimgade, 2002). By describing a business strategy, that allows more freedom for continuous research and continuous contact with consumers, the new products could be seen as a pilot proof of the strategy. The whole research process should be defined by its goals to boost global presence of the division and 3M at large with the resultant creation of new double-digit growth for the division. The lead user research process had when it started a goal to create new concepts and ideas but as was admitted by members of the team, it was not enough to have new products with an old business strategy. It would defeat the final purpose of the team for the strategy to be rejected. The risk is that the whole Medical-Surgical division could be shut down if it seems that they cannot come up with any innovative ideas to keep it afloat. The research to detect microbes before they cause infection, which could be a billion dollar industry in its own right, had a possibility of not being approved Reference Thompke, S. Nimgade, A., 2002. Innovation at 3M Corporation (A). Havard Business School Publishing, 9-699-012 Rev, July 23, pp.1-23

Person Perception Essay Sample free essay sample

* Refers to the different mental procedures that we use to organize judgements and draw decisions about the features and motivations of other people. Variables that give impact to individual perceptual experience:1. Features of the individual you are detecting.2. Context of the state of affairs.3. Own personal features.Based of our feelings are:1. Functions and societal norms2. Physical cues3. Salience of the informationPrimary Consequence* The first thing we find out about a individual ; besides called â€Å"first impression† Actor – Observer Effect* We think other do things because of their personalities and we think we do things because of the state of affairs were in.Social classification* Classifying a individual into a certain group ( societal class ) based on something you observe about the individual which in bend. affects your judgement of them.Implicit Personality Theory* A aggregation of beliefs and premises that we have about how certain traits are linked to other features and behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on Person Perception Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * It is use to make full up losing information on a individual. SOCIAL PERCEPTION* Refers to the procedures through which we use available information to organize feelings of others. to measure what they are like. * It allows people to understand the persons and groups of their societal universe. Social Percept are besides interlinked with Self-Perception. Both areinfluenced by self-motives.Two Major Determinants of Percept:1. Structural FactorsThose factors driving entirely from the nature of physical stimulations and the natural effects they evoke on the nervous system of the person. 2. Functional FactorsDerive primary from an individual’s demands. tempers. past experiences and memory. Whatever perceptual experience is being observed is a map of both sets of factors because neither set operates entirely. How do we organize feeling of others? Ordering the universe* Puting people or things into utile classs that specify how they are related or similar to each other. Categorizations – aid to function the â€Å"knowledge† map of attitudes. Why do we make up ones mind how to sort people and things? Clinchers of our determination:* Purposes of the perceiver- we use constructs to find how people will impact the chase of our ends. * Social context- refers to activities that are appropriate in a given scene. to the functions normally enacted at that place. and to people who are present. * Accessibility in memory- experience may do some categorizations more accessible than others. One manner to simplify things is to form people into a group.Stereotype* A fixed set of features we tend to impute to all group members that enable us to do speedy judgementsCultural Stereotypes – â€Å" Americans are hardworking and intelligent†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Filipinos are lazy†Gender Stereotypes – â€Å"Males are more dominant. independent and aggressive†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Females are more emotional. sensitive and gentle† Beginning of Stereotypes:1 ) Direct Experiences – an brush with a member of a group. 2 ) Own Self-Esteem – presuming others are inferiors merely to asseverate own’s high quality. 3 ) Desire to heighten group solidarity – developing negative stereotypes of group with which we compete. IMPLICIT PERSONALITY THEORY* Assumption about how personality traits are related. * A particular sort of stereotyping.* A â€Å"mental map† of the manner we believe traits are related to each other. * We tend to judge a individual who has one good trait as by and large good. This inclination to comprehend personalities as dust storms of either good or bad traits is Halo Effect. Facts on IPT: 1 ) It has single differences2 ) It is opposition to alter.Attribution* A procedure through which we link behaviour to its causes- to the purposes. temperaments and events that explain why people act the manner they do. 1 ) Dispositional Attribution ( internal ) – defines an act due to personal factors. 2 ) Situational Attribution ( external ) – defines an act due to situational factors. Principle of Covariation ( Kelly )* We attribute the behavior to the possible cause that is present when the behavior occurs and absent when the behavior fails to happen – the cause that covaries with the behavior.Three types of information:1 ) Consensus – do all or merely few people respond to the stimulation in the same manner as the mark individual? Consensus asks about generalisation across histrions. 2 ) Distinctiveness – does the mark individual respond in the same manner other stimulation as good? This asks generalisation across state of affairs. 3 ) Consistency – does the mark individual ever respond in the same manner to this stimulation? This asks generalisation across clip. Therefore:1 ) LLH – ( Low consensus. low peculiarity. high consistence ) – attribute to actor ( internal ) 2 ) HHH – ( high consensus. high peculiarity. high consistence ) – property to object ( external ) 3 ) LHL – ( low consensus. high peculiarity. low consistence ) – attribute to fortunes ( internal/ external interaction ) Analogous Inference Theory* Analyses the conditions under which perceivers will reason that temperaments of an actor’s behavior.Factors that affects whether or non a dispositional ascription is made include: 1 ) The strength of environment forces on behavior – if we perceive environmental forces are strong. people are non likely to do dispositional ascriptions. 2 ) Normativeness – to what extent could the behaviors have been expected on the footing of functions and societal norms? 3 ) Hedonic relevancy – grade to which the action proves honoring or penalizing to the perceiver. 4 ) Personalism – extent to which the actor’s behavior is perceived as intended to impact or act upon the perceiver in some manner. Table OF CONTENT I. PERSON PERCEPTION* Variables that give impact to individual perceptual experience.* Bases of our feelings.* Primary consequence.* Actor – observer consequence.* Social classification.* Implicit personality consequence II. SOCIAL PERCEPTION* Determinants of perceptual experience* Why do we sort people and things?* How make we make up ones mind how to sort people and things?* Stereotype* Origins of stereotypes* Implicit personality theory* Attribution* Correspondent theory